Introduction :
The process of preparing iron from its ores was discovered very early, certainly before the thirteen century B.C. perhaps the metal was found in the ashes of a fine built on a outcrop of iron ore, such as hematite, magnetite, or siderite. The ore would have been reduced by charcoal at the high temperature of the fire to yield iron. Iron is produced in blast furnace by a similar reduction.
A mixture of iron ore, coke (carbon produced by heating coal), and lime stone is added at the top of the furnace, and a blast of heated air enters at the bottom.Near the bottom of the furnace, the coke burns to the carbon dioxide. As the carbon dioxide rises to the heated coke, it is reduced to carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide then reduces the iron oxides in the iron ore to metallic iron. The overall reduction of hematite can be written:
Fe2O3 (s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(l) + 3CO2(g)
To produce steal, you must removed these impurities and slag and reduced the carbon contents of the iron.The basis oxygen process is a method of making steal by blowing oxygen into the molten iron oxidize impurities and decrease the amount of carbon present.Other metals may be added to the steal to give it desired properties.Stainless steels, for example, contain 12% to 18% chromium and 8% nikle.
The process of preparing iron from its ores was discovered very early, certainly before the thirteen century B.C. perhaps the metal was found in the ashes of a fine built on a outcrop of iron ore, such as hematite, magnetite, or siderite. The ore would have been reduced by charcoal at the high temperature of the fire to yield iron. Iron is produced in blast furnace by a similar reduction.
A mixture of iron ore, coke (carbon produced by heating coal), and lime stone is added at the top of the furnace, and a blast of heated air enters at the bottom.Near the bottom of the furnace, the coke burns to the carbon dioxide. As the carbon dioxide rises to the heated coke, it is reduced to carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide then reduces the iron oxides in the iron ore to metallic iron. The overall reduction of hematite can be written:
Fe2O3 (s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(l) + 3CO2(g)
Description to iron ore slag
Molten iron flows at the bottom of the blast furnace, where it is drawn off.Impurities in the iron ore react with calcium oxide from the lime stone to produce a glassy material called slag. Molten slag collects in a layer floating on the molten iron and is drawn off periodically. Steals are alloys containing over 50% iron and up to about 1.5% carbon.The iron obtained from a glass furnace contains a number of impurities including 3% to 4% carbon, that make it brittle.To produce steal, you must removed these impurities and slag and reduced the carbon contents of the iron.The basis oxygen process is a method of making steal by blowing oxygen into the molten iron oxidize impurities and decrease the amount of carbon present.Other metals may be added to the steal to give it desired properties.Stainless steels, for example, contain 12% to 18% chromium and 8% nikle.
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