Common chemical formulas

Introduction: 

In order to study or describe the elements and molecules in simpler forms, chemical formulas are extensively used. For example simplest formula for water is H₂0, where H represents hydrogen and O is oxygen and subscript ₂ indicates the two atoms of hydrogen element joined together to form a molecule.

Applications of chemical formulas

• It is used to explain the kinds of atoms and their numbers in compound (or an element).
• The atoms of every element are characterized by different letters.
• A subscript is used when more than one atom present in a specific element
• It states the chemical composition of a compound by means of chemical symbols

Common chemical formulas for everyday substances and some common acids

NaCl- Table salt, NH₃ (Ammonia) and CH₄ (methane) used for cleanser and a gaseous fuel, C₆H₁₂O₆ - table sugar or glucose, Air contains mixture of N₂, O₂, CO₂, and other traces gas, H₂O₂ (hydrogen per oxide)- used as a antiseptic and to bleach or lighten hair, Aspirin - C₉H₈O₄, Hydrochloric acid (HCl),Nitric acid (HNO₃),Hydrocyanic acid (HCN), Perchloric acid (HClO₄), Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄),Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)

Some important common chemical formulas are given below

Acetic acid - CH₃COOH, Acetone - CH₃COCH₃, Ammonium hydroxide - NH₄OH, Aspirin - C₉H₈O₄, Benzene - C₆H₁₂, Boric acid - H₃BO₃,Butane - C₄H₁₀, Caffeine - C₈H₁₀N₄O₂, Calcium carbonate - CaCO₃, Calcium chloride - CaCl₂, Calcium hydroxide - Ca(OH)2, Calcium oxide – CaO, Calcium sulfate - (CaSO₄), Glucose - C₆H₁₂O₆, Hydrochloric acid - HCl, Hydrofluoric acid - HF, Magnesium sulfate - MgSO₄, Manganese dioxide - MnO₂, Methane - CH₄, Naphthalene - C₁₀H₈, Oxalic acid - H₂C₂O₄ , Potassium nitrate - KNO₃, Potassium sodium tartrate - NaKC₄H₄O₆ , Potassium oxide - K₂O, Potassium sulfate - K₂SO₄, Sodium bicarbonate - NaHCO₃, Sodium chloride – NaCl, Sodium hydroxide - NaOH, Sodium sulfate - Na₂SO₄, Sodium phosphate - Na₃PO₄, Sodium tetraborate - Na₂B₄O₇, Sucrose - C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, Sulfuric acid - H₂SO₄, Water - H₂0, Zinc chloride- ZnCl